1
https://www.ft.com/content/000f864e-22ba-11e8-add1-0e8958b189ea
Fukushima nuclear disaster: did the evacuation raise the death toll? Financial Times, March 10’2018, “There were 2,202 disaster-related deaths in Fukushima, according to the government’s Reconstruction Agency, from evacuation stress, interruption to medical care and suicide… 1,984 were people over the age of 65.”
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-45423575
Japan confirms first Fukushima worker death from radiation, 5 September 2018
“Fukushima stress deaths top 3/11 toll, Feb. 20, 2014, “Stress and other illnesses related to the 2011 quake and tsunami had killed 1,656 people in Fukushima Prefecture as of Wednesday, outnumbering the 1,607 whose deaths were directly tied to disaster-caused injuries, according to data compiled by the prefecture and local police… Around 90 percent of those who died of indirect causes were aged 66 or older, according to Reconstruction Agency statistics published in September.”
https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/22/science/when-radiation-isnt-the-real-risk.html?_r=0
Robin Harding. "Fukushima nuclear disaster: did the evacuation raise the death toll?", Sept 22, 2015
2
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/scared-to-death-heart-attack/
Coco Ballantyne, Can a person be scared to death? Scientific American, Jan. 30, 2009 “The autonomic nervous system uses the hormone adrenaline… to activate the fight-or-flight response. This chemical is toxic in large amounts; it damages the visceral (internal) organs such as the heart, lungs, liver and kidneys. It is believed that almost all sudden deaths are caused by damage to the heart.”
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109704012458
Jonathan S. Steinberg, Increased incidence of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in implantable defibrillator patients after the World Trade Center attack, JACC, Sept. 15, 2004. “Ventricular arrhythmias increased by more than twofold among ICD patients following the WTC attack.”
https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/01.CIR.0000153813.64165.5D
Christine M. Albert, Phobic Anxiety and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Sudden Cardiac Death Among Women, AHA Journals, Feb. 1, 2005. "High levels of phobic anxiety have been associated with elevated risks of coronary heart disease (CHD) death and sudden cardiac death (SCD) among men."
https://abcnews.go.com/Health/die-fright/story?id=17554297
Liz Neporent, You Really Can Be Scared to Death, Oct 24, 2012 “Women, particularly older women, are far more susceptible to dying of fright...”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3101523/
Albert, Phobic Anxiety and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Sudden Cardiac Death Among Women, AHA
Journals, Feb. 1, 2005. "High levels of phobic anxiety have been associated with elevated risks of coronary heart disease (CHD) death and sudden cardiac death (SCD) among men."
3
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3101523/
Katrin Hille, et al, Associations between music education, intelligence, and spelling ability in elementary school, Mar. 4, 2011. “In an experimental design… 6-year-olds after keyboard or singing lessons for 36 weeks. The music group (+ 7.0 points) showed a larger increase than the control group”
4
https://news.berkeley.edu/2014/10/28/arsenic-drinking-water-breast-cancer/
Sarah Yang, Arsenic in drinking water linked to 50 percent drop in breast cancer deaths, Oct 28, 2014 “study by researchers from UC Berkeley and the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile has linked arsenic to a 50 percent drop in breast cancer deaths.”
https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/reveh-2016-0068/html
Narges Khanjani, et al, Arsenic and breast cancer: a systematic review of epidemiologic studies. Mar 11, 2017, “Exposure to arsenic may increase the risk of breast cancer. The strength of this relation can vary due to regional and individual differences.”
5
https://academic.oup.com/jpubhealth/article/42/4/717/5901977
Troy Quast, et al, Years of life lost associated with COVID-19 deaths in the United States, Journal of Public Health,Dec. 2020. “even if correctly measured, the number of deaths is an imperfect measure of mortality as it does not provide insight into the age distribution of deaths or how risk levels vary by age”
https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-137
Marius Rubo, et al, Years of life lost estimates…, June, 2020. “YLL estimates (13 years for men and 11 years for women) are interpreted in a misleading way… these estimates cannot be interpreted to imply “how long someone who died from COVID-19 might otherwise have been expected to live”.
https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/5-75/v1
Peter Hanlon, et al, COVID-19 – exploring the implications of long-term condition type and extent of multimorbidity on years of life lost, Wellcome Open Research. Apr., 2021. “estimated YLL at a given age (e.g. at ≥c years, YLL was >10 years for people with 0 LTCs, and <3 years for people with ≥6… The extent of multimorbidity heavily influences the estimated YLL at a given age. More comprehensive and standardised collection of data… is needed…”
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83040-3
Hector Pifarré i Arolas, et al, Years of life lost to COVID-19 in 81 countries. Scientific Reports Feb., 2021. “Understanding the mortality impact of COVID-19 requires not only counting the dead, but analyzing how premature the deaths are.”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7345973/
Amal K. Mitra, et al, Potential Years of Life Lost Due to COVID-19 in the United States, Italy, and Germany: An Old Formula with Newer Ideas, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, June 18, 2020. “there is a critical need to revisit the formula for calculating potential years of life lost (PYLL)… in the US… more than 80 percent were 65 years or older, and only 2.5 percent were younger than age 45.”
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.10.18.20214783v1
Stephen J. Elledge, 2.5 Million Person-Years of Life Have Been Lost Due to COVID-19 in the United States, Medrxvi, Oct. 20, 2020. “over 13.25 years per person with differences noted between males and females.”
6
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-covid-science-wars1/
Jeanne Lenzer et al, The COVID Science Wars, Scientific American, Nov. 30, 2020. “On the other side, some doctors, scientists and public health officials are questioning the wisdom of this approach in the face of massive unknowns about their efficacy and in light of the clear and growing evidence that such measures may not be working in some cases, and may also be causing net harm.”
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-020-01009-0
Nils Haug, et al, Ranking the effectiveness of worldwide COVID-19 government interventions, Nat Hum Behav 4, 1303–1312, Nov. 16, 2020) “Less disruptive and costly [non-pharmaceutical interventions] can be as effective as more intrusive, drastic, ones (for example, a national lockdown).”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7879021/
Mario Coccia, The relation between length of lockdown, numbers of infected people and deaths of Covid-19, and economic growth of countries: Lessons learned to cope with future pandemics similar to Covid-19 and to constrain the deterioration of economic system, PMC, Jun 25 2021. “The Mann-Whitney Test confirms that average fatality rate of countries with a shorter period of lockdown is significantly lower than countries having a longer period of lockdown”
https://www.pnas.org/content/118/15/e2019706118
Christopher R. Berry, et al, PNAS, Feb 24, 2021 “Evaluating the effects of shelter-in-place policies during the COVID-19 pandemic, PNAS, Apr 13, 2021 "We estimate the effects of shelter-in-place (SIP) orders during the first wave of the COVID- 19 pandemic. We do not find detectable effects of these policies on disease spread or deaths."
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33718322/
Ari R. Joffe, COVID-19: Rethinking the Lockdown Groupthink. Front Public Health. Feb 26, 2021. “a cost-benefit analysis of the response to COVID-19 finds that lockdowns are far more harmful to public health (at least 5–10 times so in terms of wellbeing years) than COVID-19 can be”
https://www.sfu.ca/~allen/LockdownReport.pdf
Douglas W. Allen, Covid Lockdown Cost/Benefits: A Critical Assessment of the Literature, Lockdown Report, May 2021 “An examination of over 80 Covid-19 studies reveals that many relied on assumptions that were false, and which tended to over-estimate the benefits and under- estimate the costs of lockdown.”
https://voxeu.org/article/declining-effectiveness-lockdowns
Patricio Goldstein, et al, Lockdown fatigue: The declining effectiveness of lockdown, VOXEU, Mar. 30 2021 “Initially, lockdowns are associated with a significant reduction in the spread of the virus and the number of related deaths, but this effect declines over time. Lockdown does not work as a continuous containment policy in the event of a protracted pandemic.”
7
Judy Peres, How worried should you be about missing your last routine mammogram or colonoscopy due to COVID-19 fears? Jan 29, 2021 “One nationwide study found that tests for breast, cervical and colon cancer were down over 86 percent...Screening rebounded in June but remained about one-third lower than before…”
WHO, COVID-19 significantly impacts health services for noncommunicable diseases, Jun. 1, 2020. “Prevention and treatment services for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have been severely disrupted since the COVID-19 pandemic began”
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanonc/article/PIIS1470-2045(20)30388-0/fulltext
Camille Maringe, et al, The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer deaths due to delays in diagnosis in England, UK: a national, population-based, modelling study, The Lancet, Jul 20, 2020, “in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, cancer screening has been suspended, routine diagnostic work deferred, and only urgent symptomatic cases prioritised for diagnostic intervention.”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7436906/
Carri Printz, Cancer screenings decline significantly during pandemic, PMC, Aug. 10, 2020. “an abrupt drop between 86 percent and 94 percent in preventive cancer screenings performed nationwide”
https://www.esmoopen.com/article/S2059-7029(21)00009-0/fulltext
A. Toss, et al, Two-month stop in mammographic screening significantly impacts on breast cancer stage at diagnosis and upfront treatment in the COVID era, ESMO Congress 2021, Feb. 11, 2021. “Our data showed an increase in node-positive and stage III BC after a 2-month stop in BC screening.”
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0969141320974711
Jean HE Yong, et al, The impact of episodic screening interruption: COVID-19 and population-based cancer screening... Sage Journal, Nov. 26, 2020. “Interruptions in cancer screening will lead to additional cancer deaths, additional advanced cancers diagnosed”
8
https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/healthy-habits-can-lengthen-life
Tianna Hicklin, Healthy habits can lengthen life, NIH, May 8, 2018 “At age 50, women who didn’t adopt any of the five healthy habits were estimated to live on average until they were 79 years old and men until they were 75.5 years. In contrast, women who adopted all five healthy lifestyle habits lived 93.1 years and men lived 87.6 years.”
9
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2768777
Molly M. Jeffery, et al, Trends in Emergency Department Visits and Hospital Admissions in Health Care Systems in 5 States in the First Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the US, JAMA Intern Med., Aug. 3, 2020
“decreases in emergency department visits ranged from 41.5 percent in Colorado to 63.5 percent in New York”
10
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/2010/022.pdf
11
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db67.htm
Donna L. Hoyert, The Changing Profile of Autopsied Deaths in the United States, 1972–2007, Aug. 2011 “From 1972 through 2007 autopsy rates declined for deaths from disease conditions from 16.9 percent to 4.3 percent”
12
“The COVID-19 pandemic is estimated to push an additional 88 million to 115 million people into extreme poverty this year, with the total rising to as many as 150 million by 2021… Extreme poverty, defined as living on less than $1.90 a day… Had the pandemic not convulsed the globe, the poverty rate was expected to drop to 7.9 percent in 2020.”
Lin Ma, et al, The intergenerational mortality tradeoff of COVID-19 lockdown policies in low- and middle-income countries, World Bank Blogs, Jun 25, 2021. "It is important to stress that our analysis does not imply that lockdown policies should not be implemented in low-income countries. Rather, it highlights how the tradeoffs differ for countries of different income levels. We find that lockdowns would still be needed, but those that would take the aforementioned tradeoffs into account naturally tend to be shorter and milder in low-income countries."
13
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/covid19/excess_deaths.htm#dashboard
14
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7150260/
T. Kanchan, et al, Encyclopedia of Forensic and Legal Medicine. 2016 : 477–487. “Bacterial and viral infections remain the most common causes of sudden death from infectious diseases. Infections by prions, rickettsiae, and mycoplasmas are usually not associated with sudden and unexpected deaths.”
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/189012
Kathleen Neuzil, et al, Influenza-Associated Morbidity and Mortality in Young and Middle-Aged Women, JAMA, Mar. 10, 1999. “Among women with no identified high-risk conditions, estimated annual excess hospitalizations and deaths were 4 and 6 per 10,000 women aged 15 to 44 and 45 to 64 years, respectively...”
https://time.com/5099042/influenza-deaths-flu/
The Flu Killed a Healthy 21-Year-Old Man…, Time, Jan. 11, 2018. “For some people with pneumonia, ‘it will spread to their bloodstream and cause an overwhelming, multi-system infection.’”
15
https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/01/14/us/covid-19-death-toll.html
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7014e1.htm?s_cid=mm7014e1_w
16
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/covid19/excess_deaths.htm#dashboard
17
https://www.aamc.org/news-insights/how-are-covid-19-deaths-counted-it-s-complicated
Patrick Boyle, How are COVID-19 deaths counted? It’s complicated, AAMC, Feb 18, 2021. “Many people think of a death certificate as a precise final verdict. But often, the document reflects a judgment that weighs the roles of multiple conditions…”
18
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/article/PIIS2213-2600(20)30527-0/fulltext
Piroth, Prof Lionel, MD et al, Comparison of the characteristics, morbidity, and mortality of COVID-19 and seasonal influenza: a nationwide, population-based retrospective cohort study. The Lancet, Respiratory Medicine, vol. 9, iss. 3, P251-259, March 01, 2021 “In-hospital mortality was higher in patients with COVID-19 than in patients with influenza (15 104 [16·9%] of 89 530 vs 2640 [5·8%] of 45 819), with a relative risk of death of 2·9 (95% CI 2·8–3·0) and an age-standardised mortality ratio of 2·82. Of the patients hospitalised, the proportion of paediatric patients (<18 years) was smaller for COVID-19 than for influenza (1227 [1·4%] vs 8942 [19·5%])”
https://www.bmj.com/content/371/bmj.m4677
Yan Zie, et al, Comparative evaluation of clinical manifestations and risk of death in patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 and seasonal influenza: cohort study, British Medical Journal, Dec 15, 2020;371:m4677, "Compared with seasonal influenza, covid-19 was also associated with higher risk of death, mechanical ventilator use, and admission to intensive care (hazard ratio 4.97, (95% confidence interval 4.42 to 5.58), 4.01 (3.53 to 4.54), and 2.41 (2.25 to 2.59), respectively)"
"March 11th, 2020, 1:04 PM CDT. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Director Anthony Fauci tells the House Oversight and Reform Committee that the novel coronavirus spreading across the globe is ‘10 times more lethal than the seasonal flu.’ ”
19
https://www.bmj.com/content/339/bmj.b4469.full
https://www.consumerreports.org/car-safety/higher-speed-limits-led-to-36760-more-deaths-study-shows/
20
https://www.iihs.org/api/datastoredocument/bibliography/2188
Charles M. Farmer “The effects of higher speed limits on traffic fatalities in the United States, 1993–2017, IIHS, April, 2019. “Results: A 5 mph increase in the maximum state speed limit was associated with an 8.5 percent increase in fatality rates on interstates/freeways….”
21
https://injuryfacts.nsc.org/motor-vehicle/historical-fatality-trends/deaths-by-age-group/
22
23
https://crazyhorsememorial.org/story/the-mountain/carving-crazy-horse-mountain
“"The members of the Crazy Horse Mountain Crew are experts in equipment operation, engineering, and precision blasting... current Mountain Carving Director, Monique Ziolkowski, spent countless hours gathering exact measurements using the pointing system on her Dad’s 1/34th scale model"
24
The Harris Poll May 10, 2016 “Independents are more likely to use alternative therapies as often as conventional therapies (23 percent vs. 13 percent Republican)… meditation (24 percent vs. 13 percent Republicans), massage therapy (34 percent vs. 26 percent Republicans) and herbal medicines (41 percent vs. 33 percent Republicans).”
25
Digital labour platforms and the future of work. Towards decent work in the online world, International Labour Organization, 2018 “Among degree holders, 57 per cent were specialized in science and technology (12 per cent in natural sciences and medicine, 23 per cent in engineering and 22 per cent in information technology)…”
26
“Only one-in-five say they worked from home all or most of the time. Now, 71 percent of those workers are doing their job from home all or most of the time.”
27
https://www.gutenberg.org/files/376/376-h/376-h.htm
Defoe, Daniel, A Journal of the Plague Year, 1722.
28
http://www.douglas-self.com/MUSEUM/LOCOLOCO/airloco/airloco.htm#bald
29
https://covid19risktools.com:8443/riskcalculator
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7150260/
T. Kanchan, et al, Encyclopedia of Forensic and Legal Medicine. 2016 : 477–487. “Bacterial and viral infections remain the most common causes of sudden death from infectious diseases. Infections by prions, rickettsiae, and mycoplasmas are usually not associated with sudden and unexpected deaths.”
30
https://www.uscis.gov/working-in-the-united-states/permanent-workers/eb-5-immigrant-investor-program
Official Website of the Department of Homeland Security, EB-5 Immigrant Investor Program
31
Christina Jewett, et al, More Than 2,900 Health Care Workers Died This Year — And the Government Barely Kept Track, KHN, Dec. 23, 2020.
32
https://www.dw.com/en/coronavirus-sweden-implements-tougher-restrictions-as-cases-rise/a-55992637
33
https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/?utm_campaign=homeAdvegas1?
34
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-53150808
Jake Horton, Covid: Why has Peru been so badly hit? “The county's borders were shut, curfews were imposed, and people could only leave their homes for essential goods”
35
WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19, Mar. 3 2020 “we don’t even talk about containment for seasonal flu – it’s just not possible. But it is possible for COVID-19. We don’t do contact tracing for seasonal flu – but countries should do it for COVID-19, because it will prevent infections and save lives. Containment is possible.”
36
https://www.justice.gov/criminal-ceos/citizens-guide-us-federal-law-child-support-enforcement
“If, under the same circumstances, the child support payment is overdue for longer than 2 years, or the amount exceeds $10,000, the violation is a criminal felony, and convicted offenders face fines and up to 2 years in prison (See 18 U.S.C.§ 228(a)(3)).”
37
https://datausa.io/profile/soc/logging-workers#demographics
https://datausa.io/profile/soc/fishing-hunting-workers#demographics
https://www.bls.gov/iif/oshwc/cfoi/police-2018.htm
“Police officers were fatally injured at a rate of 13.7 per 100,000 full-time equivalent (FTE) workers in 2018”
https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/cfoi.pdf
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/surveillance/workforcedata-deaths.html
graph: Rates of fatal workplace injuries, 1992–2015, BL
38
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/womens-earnings/2016/pdf/home.pdf
U.S. Bureau OF Labor Statistics, Highlights of women’s earnings in 2016, Aug. 2017. “Since 2004, the women’s-to-men’s earnings ratio has remained in the 80 to 83 percent range.”
39
https://www.science.gov/topicpages/o/occupational+fatalities+related
“The average age of the fatally injured worker was 38 years”
40
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/covid_weekly/index.htm#SexAndAge
41
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-resources/1918-commemoration/key-messages.htm
“During the 1918 pandemic, the virus also affected young adults between 20 and 40 years of age. The average age of death was 28 years old.”
42
https://covid19risktools.com:8443/riskcalculator
https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/covid-pandemic-mortality-risk-estimator
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6913e2.htmhttps://www.forbes.com/sites/theapothecary/2020/10/06/what-is-your-risk-of-dying-from-covid-19/?sh=78f8da8a6159
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7327471/
Ioannidis, Population-level COVID-19 mortality risk for non-elderly individuals overall and for non-elderly individuals without underlying diseases in pandemic epicenters, Sept., 2020. “The absolute risk of COVID-19 death for people ≥80 years old ranged from 0.6 (Florida) to 17.5 per thousand (Connecticut).”
43
https://www.iii.org/fact-statistic/facts-statistics-mortality-risk”
44
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2015/02/why-italian-earthquake-scientists-were-exonerated
“Six scientists convicted of manslaughter in 2012 for advice they gave ahead of the deadly L'Aquila earthquake were victims of "uncertain and fallacious" reasoning.”
45
https://scholarship.law.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3165&context=lawreview
Michael Willats, Death by Reckless Design: The Need for Stricter Criminal Statutes for Engineering-Related Homicides Catholic University Law Review, Winter 2009.
“Current involuntary manslaughter statutes create the opportunity for an engineering corporation to be assessed a minor fine… while allowing an engineer or officer to face prison time.”
46
Phebe Tucker, et al Post-COVID Stress Disorder/ Another Emerging Consequence of the Global Pandemic, Psychiatric Times, Jan 8, 2021. “COVID-19 has already led to diverse mental health problems, including anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and other trauma- and stress-related disorders.”
47
https://www.cdc.gov/climateandhealth/effects/air_pollution.htm
48
https://www.statista.com/statistics/251884/murder-offenders-in-the-us-by-age/
49
https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2020/11/19/ethiopia-who-tedros-criminal-military-tigray/
November 19, 2020. Washington Post “In a televised address Wednesday night, Ethiopia’s army chief of staff, Gen. Berhanu Jula, called Tedros a criminal and said he should step down from his position as director general of the WHO for seeking to procure weapons for the Tigray region, where the Ethiopian military is fighting local forces.”
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55001328
November 19, 2020. BBC News Africa “Gen Berhanu Jula said in a press conference that Dr Tedros had "left no stone unturned" to support the TPLF and help get them weapons. He did not provide any evidence to support his allegations.”
https://www.reuters.com/article/ethiopia-conflict-who-idINL8N2I3598
November 19, 2020. Reuters “ADDIS ABABA, Nov 19 (Reuters) - Ethiopia’s military accused World Health Organization (WHO) head Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus on Thursday of supporting and trying to procure arms and diplomatic support for Tigray state’s dominant political party, which is fighting federal troops.”
50
“Globally, about 3.4 percent of reported COVID-19 cases have died. By comparison, seasonal flu generally kills far fewer than 1 percent of those infected. … Evidence from China is that only 1 percent of reported cases do not have symptoms, and most of those cases develop symptoms within 2 days.”
51
https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/99/1/20-265892/en/
John P A Ioannidis, Infection fatality rate of COVID-19 inferred from seroprevalence data, 14 Oct. 14 2020. “The median infection fatality rate across all 51 locations was 0.27 percent (corrected 0.23 percent). Most data came from locations with high death tolls from COVID-19”
https://www.bmj.com/content/371/bmj.m4509
Roberto Pastor-Barriuso, et al, Infection fatality risk for SARS-CoV-2 in community dwelling population of Spain: nationwide seroepidemiological study, The BJM, Nov. 27, 2020. “The overall infection fatality risk was 0.8%”
Carolin Elizabeth George, et al, High seroprevalence of COVID-19 infection in a large slum in South India… Epidemiology & Infection , Feb. 4 2021, “infection fatality rate was calculated as 2.94 per 10 000 infections.”
52
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33768536/
John P A Ioannidis, Reconciling estimates of global spread and infection fatality rates of COVID-19: An overview of systematic evaluations, PubMed.com, Review, Eur J Clin Invest, Apr. 8, 2021. “the available evidence suggests average global IFR of ~0.15 percent and ~1.5-2.0 billion infections by February 2021 with substantial differences in IFR and in infection spread across continents, countries and locations.”
https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/99/1/20-265892/en/
“Early data from China suggested a 3.4 percent case fatality rate2 and that asymptomatic infections were uncommon, thus the case fatality rate and infection fatality rate would be about the same. Mathematical models have suggested that 40–81 percent of the world population could be infected and have lowered the infection fatality rate to 1.0 percent or 0.9 percent.”
53
https://www.oecd.org/health/obesity-update.htm
54
55
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/covid_weekly/index.htm
56
https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2020/10/15/can-chinas-reported-growth-be-trusted
Can China’s reported growth be trusted? Economists have constructed alternative gauges, some less flattering than others, The Economist, Oct. 17, 2020, “Doubts about China’s data are not new: it is probably fair to say that few serious economists trust its exact growth figures.”
Theissen, Mark, A., Opinion: China is using covid-19 to throttle Hong Kong’s pro-democracy movement, Washington Post, May 21, 2021.” “Hong Kong recently announced that it is extending the city’s coronavirus emergency restrictions … It’s just the latest example of how the Chinese Communist Party is using covid-19 as a pretext to throttle Hong Kong’s pro-democracy movement Now, Beijing is attempting to take advantage of the lockdown to ram through a new national security law banning treason, sedition and secession in Hong Kong — which would effectively end the “one country, two systems” principle established after the British handover in 1997. Under the terms of that transition, Hong Kong was supposed to enjoy a high degree of autonomy until 2047. But now China is moving to take full control of the territory."
Alex Cukierman Why is COVID-19 incidence in authoritarian China so much lower than in the democratic US: Effectiveness of collective action or Chinese cover-up? VOX EU CERP, 26 October 2020 “There are strong indications that between January and the beginning of April 2020, the actual number of deaths in Wuhan was many times higher than the officially reported figures.”
Estimating Chinese GDP Using Night-Lights Data, September 14, 2017. “researchers estimated the change over a 14-year period as well as annual changes in economic activity for 188 countries from 1992-2008… official statistics reported that real GDP growth in China was about 122 percent over that period. In contrast, the night-lights data predicts that growth was 57 percent.”
https://rbidocs.rbi.org.in/rdocs/Content/PDFs/01AR30072019EF4B60BF96E548F284D2C95EB59DD9A9.PDF
Prakash, Anupam et al, Night-time Luminosity: Does it Brighten Understanding of Economic Activity in India? “The state-level analysis showed the presence of a long-run cointegrating relationship between night lights and GDP.” Reserve Bank of India Occasional Papers Vol. 40, No. 1, 2019
57
https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2021/06/30/behind-bidens-2020-victory/
58
https://coolclimate.org/calculator
59
https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-factcheck-dems-properties-idUSKBN20X2PW
https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/aug/2/al-gores-nashville-estate-expends-21-times-more-en/
https://www.jacksonville.com/article/20130602/NEWS/801251944
60
http://shrinkthatfootprint.com/how-big-is-a-house
61
https://vegconomist.com/society/new-study-vegan-diet-reduces-carbon-footprint-by-73/
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200211-why-the-vegan-diet-is-not-always-green
62
https://www.reuters.com/article/climate-change-geoengineering-idUSL8N2IY3SM
63
Neil Ferguson, Impact of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) to Reduce COVID-19 Mortality and Healthcare Demand, Imperial College London, Mar. 16, 2020. “We find that that optimal mitigation policies (combining home isolation of suspect cases, home quarantine of those living in the same household as suspect cases, and social distancing of the elderly and others at most risk of severe disease) might reduce peak healthcare demand by 2/3 and deaths by half.”
64
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/covid19/excess_deaths.htm#dashboard
https://www.euromomo.eu/graphs-and-maps
65
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/335394
V. H. Mark, MD; W. H. Sweet, MD; F. R. Ervin, MD, Role of Brain Disease in Riots and Urban Violence, JAMA Network, Sep. 11, 1967 “That poverty, unemployment, slum housing, and inadequate education underlie the nation's urban riots is well known, but the obviousness of these causes may have blinded us to the more subtle role of other possible factors, including brain dysfunction in the rioters who engaged in arson, sniping, and physical assault.”
http://www.breggin.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/01/psychosurguryforpolitical.pbreggin.1975.pdf
Peter R. Breggin, M.D. , Psychosurgery for Political Purposes, Duquesne Law Review, Vol: 13, 1975, p. 841 “several of the nation's leading psychosurgeons have persistently linked their work to the control of urban violence, ghetto disorders and political dissent” p. 862 “as Sweet declared to a legislative committee, the surgery might zero in on the "leaders" of insurrections.”
66
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-covid-science-wars1/
Jeanne Lenzer et al, The COVID Science Wars, Scientific American, Nov. 30, 2020. “Advocates on both sides have dug in, hurling dismissive and vitriolic attacks at individuals in the other camp. These attacks have caused serious reputational harm in some cases and led at least a few scientists to self-censor and avoid publishing data that could inform efforts to dampen death rates from both the virus and its remedies.”
67
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/planecrash/risky.html
http://www.inexactchange.org/blog/2013/03/11/cows-against-climate-change/
68
https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/24/health/psychology/24fear.html
Timm Murphy, Fear of Flying; Therapy takes to the Skies, NYT, Jul. 24, 2007 “According to the National Institute of Mental Health, the percentage of Americans who have a fear of flying so intense that it qualifies as a phobia or anxiety disorder and keeps them off airplanes is closer to 6.5 percent.”
69
https://news.gallup.com/opinion/gallup/308126/roundup-gallup-covid-coverage.aspx
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7474809/
70
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-020-00977-7
71
U.S. Leads in Greenhouse Gas Reductions, but Some States Are Falling Behind, Environmental and Energy Study Institute, Mar. 27, 2018, “Although the U.S. reduction seems low percentage-wise, it translates to a total annual reduction of about 760 million metric tons since 2005, almost as much as the reduction in the European Union as a whole (770 million metric tons).”
https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-021-00097-8
72
https://www.wired.com/2007/04/feat-drugtest/
Josh McHugh, Drug Test Cowboys: The Secret World of Pharmaceutical Trial Subjects, Apr. 24, 2007 “Each year, US scientists require a total of at least 10 million healthy test subjects… Depending on duration, rigor, and risk, medical studies can pay as much as $10,000 each.”
73
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2013/0301/p331.html
Richard W. Pretorius, Reducing the Risk of Adverse Drug Events in Older Adults, Am Fam Physician, Mar. 1 2013. “The effects of medications in older adults are not often studied adequately, even though more than one-half of all prescription medications are dispensed to persons older than 60 years”
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03132-4
Heidi Ledford, Why do COVID death rates seem to be falling, Nature, Nov. 11, 2020
“in retrospect, clinicians might have been overzealous at times”
74
Michelle Rogers, Fact check: Hospitals get paid more if patients listed as COVID-19, on ventilators, USA Today, Apr 24, 2020 “Snopes investigated the claim, finding it's plausible Medicare pays in the range Jensen mentions but doesn't have a "one-size-fits-all" payment to hospitals for COVID-19 patients.”
75
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/dvs/blue_form.pdf
Instructions for Completing the Cause-of-Death Section of the Death Certificate